Snooker can look slow and mysterious to newcomers. But the basic structure is simple, and once you understand it, the tactics become absorbing.
It is all about alternating between reds and colours.
The balls and their values
- ▸15 reds: 1 point each
- ▸Yellow: 2
- ▸Green: 3
- ▸Brown: 4
- ▸Blue: 5
- ▸Pink: 6
- ▸Black: 7
How a frame works
A player must first pot a red, then any colour, then another red, and so on. Reds stay down once potted; colours are returned to their spots while reds remain on the table. When all the reds are gone, the colours must be potted in order of value, from yellow to black.
Breaks and the maximum
A break is the total points scored in a single visit to the table. The maximum break in standard snooker is 147: all 15 reds each followed by the black, then all six colours. It is rare and celebrated.
Fouls
Common fouls include missing the target ball, hitting the wrong ball first, and potting the cue ball. A foul gives the opponent penalty points — at least four, or the value of the ball involved if higher — and they can choose to play or make the offender play again.
Safety play
Not every shot is an attempt to pot. Players often play safety shots, leaving the cue ball in a difficult position for their opponent. Snookers — where the opponent cannot hit the target ball directly — are a key tactic when a player needs points from fouls.
This is general sports information and commentary. Rules, schedules, and records change — check official league, federation, and event sources for the latest details. Consult a qualified coach or medical professional before starting a new training programme.